The Concept Professionalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Concept Professionalism - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that  professionalism is earned, rather than being called. A real "Professional" is a brand, which is tagged with respects that one gains. Professionalism has many benefits as it can increase the productivity and maintain the organizational culture of an organization. A business concern with professional   employees can increase the product or service value with less effort .If an employee is unprofessional he can bring chaos, unproductivity and conflict in an organization. An unprofessional employee has the ability to  Ã‚   damage the reputation of him and that of an organization.This essay declares that professionalism is an important criteria as it forms the basic foundation of any organisation. Professionalism is utmost important as it builds the career of a person and the social infrastructure of a firm. The more professional are the employee more benefit it can reap the employee and the organization.  Professionalism is a concept which relate to the competency or skill expected from an employee in relation to a profession .Professionalism is the attitude of a worker towards his work. Professionalism means the knowledge, understanding, attitude, obligation and responsibility one has towards his work.  The word ‘profession’ is, today, almost synonymous with occupation: the term professional is now applied to a wide range of such individuals as footballers and cricketers.

Observing Toddlers Essay Example for Free

Observing Toddlers Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are a number of places where toddlers could be observed unobtrusively—at the park, the playground, the mall, and the daycare center. For the purpose of this study, however, I chose to go to the park and observe parents and their toddlers play together. This way, I could easily observe unobtrusively as people would think I was simply there to write or to write down my thoughts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another benefit that the park has to offer is the lack of formal structures and relationships such as those found at daycare centers. At the park, parents and toddlers could interact easily and in a relax manner. That way, the true nature of the relationship between the parents and the toddlers will be easily observed and analyzed and the understanding of the interactions between parents and children will be better understood. This paper then seeks to look at such a relationship by presenting direct observations from families and toddlers that visit the park in our community. I had a small notebook with me and it is where I wrote down my observations, as well as the communication that went on between the parents and the children.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The toddlers that I observed were approximately between 16 to 30 months old and appeared to be pampered by care by their parents. One the toddlers belong to an Asian-American racial stock while the other one to an American family. Although the parents brought strollers with them, the toddlers were walking and occasionally carried by their parents. Both of the families of the toddlers seem to belong to the middle class. Notably, the second toddler belongs to a mother without a father. Although the author could not exactly know whether she is a single parent or not, at least based on the observation at the park, the mother does not have any other company in visiting the park.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both toddlers appear to be enamored with their surroundings. They do notice the colors in the park and usually exclaim in delight when they see a butterfly or a bird. Apparently, they are already starting to recognize some of the features of the environment and their understanding of what they are is already being formed in the minds of the young kids. Toddler 1 The first toddler I observed is male. He displayed curiosity in his surroundings. While they were walking in the park, to the way where the family will sit down for an afternoon snack, the toddler was picking up sticks and leaves on the ground. He raised them to his eyes and offered them to his parents. The mother accepted the offer from the toddler and said that it was a leaf. She explained further that the leaf grows on the branch, which the toddler dutifully picked up and offered to her mother again. When the mother pronounced â€Å"leaf† and â€Å"branch†, the toddler also spoke up and attempted to pronounce the same words. A child is very much curious and interested in his surroundings. As part of his cognitive development, he notices the shapes, colors, and different sensations and wonders he encounter in his world. Even at such a young age, he is also being initiated into the process of socialization where he learns the views of his parents and of the larger society where he is located (Turner, 1991). The child, according to Piaget’s theory actively uses his senses to explore his environment and learn about them. Through the use of his senses, he is able to discern relationships among the actions he take and the behavior of the objects that he is viewing (Turner, 1991). Both the component of nature and nurture are at work in this seemingly simple process that the child is going through. He uses his eyes, his ears, his nose, and his whole body to discover the world and learn how it works. His efforts, because they are yet insufficient, are supplemented by his parents, more particularly by his mother, who tells him the names of objects and how they are being referred to in the world. Through the explanation of the mother about the nature of the relationship between leaves and branches, the child is then able to look at the relationship of different objects in his environment albeit in an incomplete fashion. The explanation of the mother regarding the relationship of leaves and branches may not be sufficient for the child to understand the relationship because most of the knowledge of a child advances through his actions and his interpretation about the consequences of the actions he make (Franz White, 1985). Notably, the toddler was now engaging in eye-to-eye contact with his parents and occasionally asks them for what he wants. His father brought out a ball that the toddler apparently loved playing with. The father and the child started playing with the ball—they played catch, and sometimes they would race together to get the ball first. The toddler was delighted with such play with his father. Although this is the case, the child would also look at his mother and he asked her to come and join them. This is consistent with the theory of Erikson, which holds that the child’s relationship with his mother is perhaps the most important one during this stage of development (Franz White, 1985). The child continued to play with the ball and when he saw other children in the park, he also went to them and offered to play the ball with them. Apparently, toddler one has good socialization skills to the point that he can mingle with other kids even when his parents are around. This points to the good relationship that the child is enjoying with his parents. Both his parents encouraged him to play with other children and watched him with other kids. True enough, when the child has strong relationships with his parents, he tends to be more socially responsive and socially amiable. In accordance with Psychosocial theorists, the child is displaying good emotional and social skills because his own relationship with his parents are also good and secure. Otherwise, he might become a recluse and refuse the company of people (Charlesworth, 2003). When Toddler one was playing ball with another child, there was an instance in which the other child managed to grab the ball more quickly than toddler one, so what he did was to forcibly claim the ball from his playmate and withheld it from the latter. Through this, the other child looked as if he was about to cry. It is at this moment that the mother of Toddler one intervened. The mother reasoned out firmly with the toddler in regards to sharing toys so that others would also learn how to share. The tone of the mother appeared to be negotiating instead of imposing. This display of authority on the part of the mother is remarkable and shows the secure connection between her and the child (Charlesworth, 2003). Toddler Two When I felt that I have sufficiently observed toddler one, I decided to turn my attention to another toddler playing with a dog not very far from the first toddler. The only companion of the toddler in the park is his mother and their Labrador. I had the impression, although this is difficult to verify, that the mother was a single parent. The mother was silently looking after her child who was playing with the Labrador. Apart from the toy truck and the Frisbee that the child had, there were no other toys that the mother had for the child. The mother appeared to be preoccupied with her own thoughts. When toddler was not busy with his toy truck, he would play with the Frisbee and the dogs with the strength and the capability that he has. The dog seems to act as a guard to the toddler. He does not socialize with other kids very much and he appears content to play by himself. The toddler, it seems is spending most of the time by himself. Although at first glance, this may seem to be a display of autonomy, yet in closer examination of the child, he does not enjoy the benefits that interaction with other kids and with his parent brings. These circumstances will therefore bring forth negative consequences in the development of the social skills of the child and he might find it difficult to relate with other people when he grows up (Keenan, 2002). When the child attempts to play farther from his mother, the latter would come after him and tell him not to move around too much. The mother actually uses her authority over the child to forbid him from going somewhere else. Apparently, the mother wants to keep the child in her sight most of the time. This kind of attitude might breed negative feelings in the child and will contribute to the insecurity of their relationship. Since the relationship of the child with his mother is of utmost importance (Charlesworth, 2003), then his cognitive, emotional and social development will suffer as a consequence. The child also develops a kind of mistrust in the outside world and he will not view the outside world as a safe place. Instead, he might develop the attitude that he always needs his mother to look after him. Erikson warned against this over-protectiveness of parents as it prohibits children to explore and become curious of their environment. Hence, instead of developing self-confidence and self-esteem, toddler two will instead feel shame and doubt (Franz White, 1985). Toddler two cried when his mother forbade him to wander into the park. When the child cried, the mother responded by being firmer and she almost shouted to toddler two to stop. Instead of stopping, however, toddler cried even louder and displayed tantrums. At this time, the mother punished toddler two by spanking him three times. After several minutes, toddler two stopped crying and remained where he was instead. This display of authority may become inimical to the overall development of the child over the long run as the initiative and the natural curiosity of the child will be dampened and what he will remember most will be the fear associated with the parent’s discipline (Charlesworth, 2003). Toddler two recovered from the spanking after several minutes by turning his attention to the dog and his Frisbee. By distracting himself, he forgot about the incident and started to enjoy himself again. His mother, however, still issued a warning for him â€Å"not to move out of her sight.† According to Erikson, if the urge of the child to explore is removed, then the result would be a lower level of self-esteem on the part of the child (Franz White, 1985). Toddler two is very much attached to her mother, however, he is not sufficiently developing autonomy. Through the reprimands and the stern warnings of his mother, he becomes dependent on his mother and unable to explore his environment and his surroundings. Over the course of time as he discovers the world further, he may not have sufficient curiosity and initiative to move away from the familiar and instead, he would keep in sight of whoever is looking after him. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Observing the two toddlers was a good experience for me. It was as if the concepts and theories discussed by Piaget and Erikson were coming to life. Indeed the role of the parents is very crucial in ensuring that a child receives the appropriate socialization and training even while he is young. The strength of the attachment of a child with his parents is very important for him to develop the necessary skills for socialization and in relating with others in his environment. If the relationship of a child with his parents is good as demonstrated by the first toddler I observed, then the child will greatly benefit from it. If, however, the nature of the relationship borders on the dysfunctional, then the socialization skills of the child will be negatively affected. As he grows up, he will have struggles in relating with different kinds of people in his environment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By observing toddlers, numerous lessons can be gleaned and the nature of the relationship between child and parents will be assessed. Accordingly, intervention strategies could be arrived at so that the child will not suffer needlessly. Furthermore, parents, and everyone dealing with children, should be sensitive to the different levels of development of the child as demonstrated by Piaget and Erikson. By doing so, perhaps the manner of bringing up of children will be better and over the long run, the society will become a better one because of the good rearing of the children. Reference Charlesworth, R. (2003). Understanding Child Development: For Adults Who Work With Young Children. New York: Thomson Delmar Learning. Franz, C. E. White, K. M. (1985). Individuation and attachment in personality development: Extending Eriksons theory. Journal of Personality, 53 (2), 224-256. Keenan, T. (2002). An Introduction to Child Development. London: Sage Publications. Turner, P. J. (1991). Relations between Attachment, Gender, and Behavior with Peers in Preschool. Child Development, 62 (6), 1475-1488.

Essay --

The Age of Revolution †¢ A period of political upheaval beginning with the American Revolution, leading through the French Revolution, and ending at around 1848 †¢ Caught up many social groups with diverse motives Forces of Change †¢ Three forces were working to shatter Europe’s calm by the mid-18th century o Cultural ï‚ § Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued for a government based on a general will o Ongoing commercialization ï‚ § Businesspeople challenge the idea that only aristocrats should hold high office o All social levels ï‚ § The population revolution was partly the result of better border policing, which reduced the movement of disease bearing animals ï‚ § Improved nutrition, due to the introduction of the potato †¢ Led to reduced death rates ï‚ § Increase in population leads upper class families to tighten their grip on existing offices †¢ Consequently it becomes harder for non-aristocrats to gain a high post †¢ Population pressure drove many people into the working class, which led to the creation of motives for protest †¢ Population growth sparks a rapid expansion of domestic manufacturing in western...

Hermann Hesse: A Classic Take on the Modern Age Essay -- Biography Bio

Hermann Hesse: A Classic Take on the Modern Age Hermann Hesse, writing in the twentieth century, extolled many of the virtues of the past. His unique style, dependent upon German Romanticism, adapted the issues of the modern age. Using subject matter from various sources, Hesse built fictional worlds that mirrored reality. In the novel Siddhartha, Hesse deals specifically with the spiritual quest. Although writing about the spiritual landscape of India, this work addresses the desire for meaning that the entire world felt after the events of World War I. Born in Germany in 1877, Hesse would live through the complete change in existence that occurred in the twentieth century. Coming from a family of devout Protestants, Hesse had been exposed to the traditional Christian existence. He began to write while still in his teens. A lifelong pacifist, Hesse would continue to fight against the violence of his age. The works of Hesse were always tinged with the notion of the outsider (The Steppenwolf) or the search for meaning (Siddhartha). Utilizing a higher artistic style than many of his colleagues, Hesse acknowledged Romanticism in his work. His subject matter could be highly simple in the case of Gertrude or extremely complex like Magister Ludi:The Glass Bead Game, for which he would win the Noble Prize in the year 1946. Until his death in 1962, Hesse would struggle to find meaning in the horrible events in his lifetime. Although Hesse concerns himself with the same issues of isolation and meaninglessness that Franz Kafka addresses, he utilizes a poetic writing style to bring out the beauty of his subject. The lofty style helps "with the construction of an ideal as an escape from his emotional crisis of the war years" (Ziolk... ...ction of the previous paths. Humanity could no longer be content with religion or with consumer needs. A spiritual truth had to be found, but it would require a long journey and many failures along the way. Mankind could learn as much about the beliefs of the past in order to discover "the condition of the present world and a revelation of the relationship of all things to one another" (Ziolkowski 154), the lesson that all things are interconnected. All of the past, present and future are inextricably linked as part of a continuous flow. Works Cited Freedman, Ralph. Hermann Hesse: Pilgrim of Crisis. New York: Pantheon Books, 1978. Hesse, Hermann. Siddhartha. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation And Bantam Books, 1951. Ziolkowski, Theodore. The Novels of Hermann Hesse: A Study in Theme and Structure. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965.

Raw by Scott Monk Essay

Raw follows the story of Brett Dalton a teenager with an attitude who has succumb to peer pressure and lives outside the law. After being picked up for various minor offences Brett finds himself having to spend time at a rehabilitation centre. the image that I have created symbolises Brett Daltons perspective of the rehabilitation centre called the farm. The farm is home to many young crime committers such as Brett. The farms main purpose is to reform kids that are sent there. It is very different from most detention centres in regards that a lot of trust is given to the inmates. Brett was confused with this as his image of the farm was completely different as he states in the book â€Å"what kind of detention centre is this ? there weren’t any bars on the cells ? There weren’t even cells† the farm ran a much different way to which Brett thought which I have created in my image. My image helps to express the idea of how Brett sees the farm through his eyes. At the start of the novel Brett is considered as a rebel and feels that the whole world is against him and blames others for his troubles he has the perception that the farm will be full of guards and have locked gates and that it will never change who he is . Brett’s negativity towards authority is expressed in his antagonism towards the police but throughout the novel Brett comes to understand that not all power and authority is like that represented by police that power is non-merely vested in institution’s and authority figures but there are sensitive and compassionate individuals that through the book help Brett to regain control over his own destiny Although the farm does not successfully help Brett get out of trouble as he ends up in jail but he learns many lessons and that ‘he is the only one that can change who he is

Pedro Martinez essays

Pedro Martinez essays He was born on October 25, 1971 in Manoguayabo, Dominican Republic. Hes five feet and eight inches tall. Hes thirty years old and plays for the Boston Red Sox. Shortstop and pitcher are his positions on the team. Last year his salary this year is about thirteen million and five hundred thousand dollars. His name is Pedro Martinez. Pedro Martinez was born to Paulino and Laopoldina Martinez in Manoguayabo, a rural town with about 1,000 residents. Pedro has two sisters and one brother. His brothers name is Ramon. They played baseball when they were kids living in the Dominican Republic and it was there where they grew their love for the game. In 1984, the Dodgers gave Ramon a contract to play in the minor leagues. This motivated Pedro a lot seeing his brother making his way to the major leagues. Pedro helped his brother warm up for the game and helped carry his equipment to the game. Pedro was first given a contract to play in the minor leagues by the Dodgers in 1988 and in that same year Ramon was given a contract to play for the Dodgers in the major leagues. He was recognized for his 98 mile per hour fastball, especially because of his young age. After competing for years in the minor leagues, he finally got drafted by the Dodgers in 1992 and was reunited with his older brother in the pitching staff. On May 5, 1993 Pedro made his first appearance and won the game for the Dodgers against the New York Mets. He started his first full season in 1993. In November 19, 1993 the Dodgers traded Pedro to the Montreal Expos for second baseman Delino DeShields. This was a great disappointment for Pedro since he wouldnt be able to pitch in the same team as his brother. His nickname when he started was Senor Pluck since he was pitching inside, nearly hitting the batters and sometimes actually hitting them. In response the National League suspended him till the end of the 1996 season and the ...

Akons Hospital Essay Example

Akons Hospital Essay Example Akons Hospital Essay Akons Hospital Essay Akron Children’s Hospital started as a day care nursery provider in 1890 and became one of the largest pediatric healthcare system in the united state. Akron Children’s Hospital is located in a friendly community of Akron, Ohio. With more than 3000 pediatric specialists Akron Children’s Hospital offers over 30 practice areas of medicine and surgery specialized for children which help the hospital draw over half a million patients a year not only from the United states, but also from all over the world(akronchildrens. org). Akron Children’s Hospital mission is to provide medical treatments to infants, children, adolescents, as well as burn victims of all ages. The hospital also provide basic and clinical research and provide multi-level professional education students of medicine, nursing, as well as Akron residents and various allied health professions. Moreover, the hospital is continuing to provide education to encourage and to make it easy on the process of lifelong learning for physicians and other children’s care providers in the health care industry. Akron Children’s Hospital commitment is to maintain the maximum quality of care for children by using the latest modern technology and equipment available. Akron is committed to promote integrity, emphasize the dignity, family member and fellow employee to follow the topmost standards of ethical conduct. The hospital is committed to maintain and press forward the hospital’s leadership role to successfully work pleasantly with other health care networks providers, community organizations, businesses as well as government to maintain a proficient professional allied and lastly operation. According to Cooper Schindler† the basic dilemma and starting trying to develop other question by breaking down the original question is the right way to approach the research process†( Cooper Schindler,2008). The management-research question hierarchy for Akron Children’s Hospital is that the hospital faces is how to raise the bed-occupancy rate and what can the hospital do to gain more business than its competitors. Another dilemma in Akron’s case the management is that Akron Children’s hospital distinguishing itself from many of their competitors. The research question for Akron Children’s hospital was about expending their service beyond Summit County to other different counties such as Cuyahoga County, Portage County, Mahoning County, and Medina County, which will increase the number of the patient and bring more profit. Some of the investigative questions for Akron Children’s hospital were as follow: How do children’s parent decides which hospital to take their children to, when their children need acute care? Is their decision driven simply by emotion? Is the financing a determine factor? Is the quality of service a factor on their decision? (Cooper Schindler, 2008). During the research process Marcus Tomas LLC team had to observed physicians, parents, and child patients during testing, diagnosis, and treatment phases, they were also observing while kids were during checkups, admitted to the ER, undergoing surgery as well as prepping for surgery. They pay great detail to the interactions of patients and physicians, nurses and other staff members; they pay attention, physical and emotional reactions and heart-wrenching conversations (Copper, Schindler, 2008, cases, p. 2). The Advantages of it all is that researcher s can see a step- by-step first-hand the experiences between parents, children and hospital staff in the hospital. Furthermore, Researchers can immediately record their observances and findings. The recordings of audio or video were very good solid evidence therefore there weren’t not a lot of room for error in this method. Researchers made sure that all staff of the hospital was fully invested into the well-being of their child patients. The researchers were able to see how technology, highly energetic staff, highly knowledgeable staff and full compassion for the children work in collaboration. They saw a very strong desire by the entire hospital for the children recover and be the best they can possibly be once leaving the hospital. Some of the disadvantages are that researchers did not gain any knowledge of past experiences if all they do is watching the present. Researchers cannot really gain opinions by this method. Equipment and staffing can be extremely expensive. Some test subjects may act different or be more anxious if they know someone is watching and/or recording interactions. Conclusively Akron Children’s Hospital management and executives have come to conclusion and realized that the process of overcome the competitors surfing above competitor’s shadow, also generating an effective marketing plan will require an extensive qualitative research. They made a decision of hiring Marcus Thomas LLC. Overall the research was well executed because in the long run Akron Children’s Hospital was able to gain an increase on the number of patients admitted to the hospital, as the result of a better comprehension based on the patients’ parent point of view about their needs and their perspectives. References Cooper, R. D. , Schindler, S. P. (2008). Business Research Methods. (10th Edition) New York: McGray-Hill/Irwin. Cooper, R. D. , Schindler, S. P. (2008). Business Research Methods Cases. (10th Edition) New York: McGray-Hill/Irwin. (N. D). (2010). Corporate info. Akronchildrens. org. Retrieved May 23, 2013 from: https://www. akronchildrens. org/cms/site/14908a4d74b348d5/index. html (N. D). (2010). Akron Childrens Hospital, Ohio /overview. U. S. News World. Retrieved May 23, 2013 from:http://health. usnews. com/best-hospitals/akron-childrens-

Week One Written Assignment Essays

Week One Written Assignment Essays Week One Written Assignment Essay Week One Written Assignment Essay Week One Written Assignment Shereka Pierce Mat 126 Elizabeth Stepp December 6, 2011 We have been learning how to develop our skills, in speaking, reading, and writing the English language. Did you know that when we were in math class, we were also learning how to speak, read, and write the language of mathematics? Mathematics uses numbers and number systems instead of the alphabet, but its also a language: a language of patterns and symbols. Mathematics can help you recognize, understand, describe and identify changes in patterns. Problem35. A person hired a firm to build a CB radio tower. The firm charges $100 for labor for the first 10 feet. After that, the cost of the labor for each succeeding 10 feet is $25 more than the preceding 10 feet. That is, the next 10 feet will cost $125, the next 10 feet will cost $150, etc. How much will it cost to build a 90-foot tower? Here is how we think about it: We see that there is a new price every ten feet as they build the tower. After that the cost of the labor for each succeeding 10 feet is $25 more than the preceding 10 feet. That is, the next 10 feet will cost $125, the next 10 feet will cost $150, etc. How much will it cost to build a 90-foot tower? n= the number of terms altogether n=9 d= the common difference d=25 a1= the first term a1=100 aN= the last term aN=a9 (yet to be computed) Next, we need to compute what a9 is. The next step is to find the nth term of the sequence, or the 9th term in this case. aN=a1+(n-1)d a9=100+(9-1)25 a9=100+(8)25 a9=100+200 9=300 Now that we know what a9 is, we need to know what the sum of the sequence is from a1 to a9. The next step is to find the answer to this question. Sn= n(a1+a9)/2 S9= 9(100+300)/2 S9= 9(400)/2 S9=3600/2 S9=1800 Problem 37 A person deposited $500 in a savings account that pays 5% annual interest that is compounded yearly. At the end of 10 years, how much money will be in the savings account? Here is how we think about it: Each year 5% of the balance is added to the balance, that would look like: B+ (. 03)B B(1+. 05) B(1. 05) In other words each year the existing balance is multiplied by 1. 05. First, we need to identify the following numbers: n= the number of terms n=10 r= the common ratio r=1. 05 a1= the first term a1=500(1. 05)=525, the balance at the end of the first year, thus a1. In a savings account, the total balances at the end of each year form the sequence, so we dont need to add up all the terms in the sequence. We just need to find out what the balance is at the end of 10 years, so we are looking for the value of a10. The next step is to find the balance in the savings account at the end of 10 years. aN=a1(rN-1) a10=525(1. 05) 9 a10=525(4961. 25) a10=2,604,656. 25 Thus, the balance in the savings account at the end of 10 years is $2,604,656. 25. In this conclusion I will tell you how I got my answer. For example, the first thing that I did was figure out which numbers go where n=9 that is the total of terms altogether d=25 that is the common difference a1= the first term and aN= the last term. The next thing that I did was igure out which numbers go where as stated earlier I took the one hundred added it with eight multiplied twenty-five then, the next step is to add one hundred plus two hundred and I got three hundred. The next step is to figure out the sequence is. The next step is to Sn=9 is n plus S9= nine multiplied by one hundred plus three hundred divided by two. The answer is nine multiplied by four hundred divided by two. The next step is to divide three thousand into two and you get 1800 . The next problem stated earlier is I have to find out how much money will be in the savings account in ten years. The first thing that I do is breakdown the percentage into decimal which I do by taking the percent and dropping the percent sign and changing it to a decimal like I did earlier then I multiply $1. 05 by $500 and I get $525. Then I figure out what the sequence of the next step by figuring out what a10 is by multiplying five twenty five times one point five to the ninth power to get $2,604,656. 25. References Bluman, A. G. (2005). Mathematics in our world. (Ashford University Custom Edition). United States: McGraw-Hill.

Is horror a good movie genre for children Essay

Is horror a good movie genre for children - Essay Example The need is to understand that horror can have long-lasting effects on the minds of the young ones and it is best advisable to keep them away from such shocks. It must be understood here that the horror movies produced to date have been very direct as concerns to the viewers, children here specifically. These movies have instilled a sense of ‘what will happen next’ regime within their minds. Some of them cannot even watch such movies whilst being alone. They need company in order to avoid the horror element of such flicks. Some of them start weeping and shouting in the middle of a horrific scene, thus adding to the mental agony of such a genre of movie viewing. It must be comprehended here that horror movies depict violence, manslaughter, killing, blood and nasty language. The scenes are utterly disdainful for the young audiences, since the effects are abysmal to state the least (Tamborini, 1996). The impact of such elements on the human mind is serious and when one discusses the same for the sake of children, there could be drastic issues for them, left, right and center. These children suffer trouble whilst sleeping while th ey also get scared in a dark room or whenever they are alone. Their confidence takes a very wrong turn and this essentially makes them feel very scared at the end of the day. The need is to have proper training and education imparted by the parents and/or guardians. Their help and assistance could mean wonders for these children who should be told that these flicks are a part of the world of fiction and nothing else at all. One should believe that horror is indeed not a good genre for children since these children go through a lot when it comes to understanding the after effects of watching horror flicks. They get scared, have severe fear within their ranks and stop meeting people who they consider closely resembling one of the evils shown in the horror movies. They also like to

Bridge Collapse and the Duty to Warn (ethics) Essay

Bridge Collapse and the Duty to Warn (ethics) - Essay Example What is Right I believe that the engineer that conducted the initial inspection adequately did his part as mandated by the California Attorney General’s Opinion Number 85-208 (1985), that as the hired registered engineer assigned to investigate the structural integrity of the Swinging Bridge; he was able to conclude that it is stable and sound to provide adequate service. But he also added to his recommendation that further testing should be carried out and that protective coating should be applied even though the bridge was free from rust. Noncompliance to his recommendations, added to that the regular swinging of the pedestrians, could have severely compromised the integrity of the structure and thus caused the accident. I believe that the court ruling in favor of the county is justifiable. For one, I do believe that the pedestrian should be responsible for their actions. It was them who engaged in a risky past time and they should in turn bear the consequences of their acti on. Secondly, they—anyone who engages in swinging the bridge should even be sanctioned for putting not just themselves at risk but other pedestrian as well who are using the bridge since their past time is creating potential danger to other people. Third, I think that the engineer should not be held liable because he did perform his duty to warn the public through his report. What is Wrong On the other hand, it was the inaction of the county to the report that could have caused the collapse. It for instance did not follow the engineer’s recommendation of carrying out further tests to determine structural stability, and it did not apply the protective coating that would prevent the onslaught of rust. Furthermore, if further testing had been carried out after the initial survey, as was part of the recommendation of the investigating engineer seven years prior to the accident, the succeeding test/s that would be carried out in the bridge would have allowed the succeeding investigating engineer to see the damage that the ‘swinging’ is causing to the bridge and thus determine the structural stability of the bridge in his report. If so, again, the incident could have been avoided. This will allow the engineer to again, adequately warn the public about the potential hazard of the bridge if it is continuously swing. The county also failed in addressing the illegal past time of the people, the Swinging Bridge is a public place, and since swinging it has been a well-known past time that pause potential danger not just to the actors doing the swinging but to other innocent pedestrian, it was the responsibility of the country to address the matter by creating ordinances that prohibits such activity. I also believe that the court should have sanctioned the county. Despite the fact that

Dqweek7 r 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dqweek7 r 9 - Essay Example John Elkington (1995) coined the phrase, "people, planet, profit". This was while he was at SustainAbility. This is an organization which was created in order to deliver guidelines which are socially responsible. This were supplied to large corporations who considered profits to be more important than any possible benefits for wider society. An enterprise which is described as having a triple bottom line is one which aims to benefit a variety of constituencies, without exploiting or endangering any one group. In 2004 Elkington described wha the named as the "upstreaming" of a percentage of any profit created by selling finished goods to those who originally produced the raw materials used.( This triple bottom line consists of several factors including concerns which are to do with the environment , society and the economy. The phrase "People, planet and profit" describes the ways in which an organization has an impact in these areas. All three should be considered if an organization is to succeed and to do good. The other side of this is sustainability. Lots of companies finds themselves forced sacrifice possible benefits to wider society simply in order to keep going at a profit. Ultimately profit motives are seen far as being more important than any possible social benefits, unless the organization finds that it can do this using the society’s resources (Aupperle, Carroll, and Hatfield, 1985). A quick scan of the media backs up this negative view of what is actually going on. Too many organizations seem devoid of any degree of social responsibility. Considering the readings to date, what are the future projections for the idea of the triple bottom line? If a cost versus benefit analysis were carried out on this subject what conclusions would be reached? What reasons are there for this? Brown, Dillard and Marshall, (2006) came up with a working paper about the Triple Bottom Line. Idea. They described it

Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Accounting - Essay Example On April 16, 2010 the company release a news story that showcase one of its new innovative products called milk bags. The news release may have influenced the price of the common stock. J Sainsbury plc is the United Kingdom’s biggest player in the food industry with a market share of 16%. In 2009 the company achieved total revenues of 18,911 million pounds. The revenue total was 6% higher than in 2008. Normally greater revenues lead to better bottom line results. In the case of Sainsbury the greater revenues did not help the company improve its performance since its net profits decreased between 2009 and 2008. In 2009 the firm had net income of 289 million pounds, a figure that is 40 million pounds lower than the previous year. The net margin of the company was 1.53%, while the industry norm is 1.4% (Dun & Bradstreet, 2010). The return on equity and return on assets of the company were 6.88% and 2.88%. Both figures were lower than the industry average of 11.9% and 5.5% (Dun & Bradstreet, 2010). The current ratio of the company which shows that ability of the firm to pay its short term debt was 0.55. The current ratio industry norm is 1.9 (Dun & Bradstreet, 2 010). The results means the firm is underperforming in comparison with the industry and that the firm is at risk of having cash flow problems. The stock price of the company during April faced upwards tendencies. These types of movement are short term fluctuations. Based on the fact that the company is facing liquidity problems and the bad profitability results in terms in relation to its assets and equity I would not invest in the common stock of

Jewelery Market in UK and EU Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Jewelery Market in UK and EU - Essay Example This was at a time when Princess Victoria was getting married to Prince Albert. Most of the jewelry worn in that period contained pictures of loved ones and engraved messages as a show of commitment to loved ones. This era was also greatly influenced by new fashions from the East popularly known as Japonaiserie. The fashion was characterized by use of flora and fauna images on jewelry. Shakudo jewelry and styles like Etruscan became famous in that period. Shakudo jewelry was a technique of gold coloring developed Japanese. Etruscan style of jewelry is common today and these jewels have pictures of the eras from the ancient Greeks to the Egyptian periods. A remarkable change in jewelry style occurred when Prince Albert died. The Queen began wearing mourning jewelry and black dresses. Everyone in the nation followed the same trend and dark gemstones gained popularity. Gemstones such as Jet, Onyx and blood red Pyrope Garnet were used to make ‘dark jewelry’. The end of this era is known as the Aesthetic Period and was marked by new styles such as stud earring and bar brooches. Art Nouveau Period which started from 1890 to 1915 was based on craftsmanship and design of jewelry. The era emerged towards the end of Victorian Period. The jewelers were more interested in coming up with new designs. The worth of the materials used did not matter. The era featured designs such as Rene Lalique, Louis C Tiffany and Emile Gaffe. These designs were inspired by nature, wildlife, insect life and mythical forms such as chimeras, serpents, dragons and griffons. Anything that was inspiring was captured in their designs. Japonaiserie style was greatly embraced during this period and influences from Europe and Far East were captured in their designs. Edwardian Period began in 1901 and ended in 1915. The period was also referred to as ‘La Belle Epoque’ which means beautiful era. Wealth was abundant because movie and motor industries were flourishing at this time. It was a

Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Accounting - Essay Example On April 16, 2010 the company release a news story that showcase one of its new innovative products called milk bags. The news release may have influenced the price of the common stock. J Sainsbury plc is the United Kingdom’s biggest player in the food industry with a market share of 16%. In 2009 the company achieved total revenues of 18,911 million pounds. The revenue total was 6% higher than in 2008. Normally greater revenues lead to better bottom line results. In the case of Sainsbury the greater revenues did not help the company improve its performance since its net profits decreased between 2009 and 2008. In 2009 the firm had net income of 289 million pounds, a figure that is 40 million pounds lower than the previous year. The net margin of the company was 1.53%, while the industry norm is 1.4% (Dun & Bradstreet, 2010). The return on equity and return on assets of the company were 6.88% and 2.88%. Both figures were lower than the industry average of 11.9% and 5.5% (Dun & Bradstreet, 2010). The current ratio of the company which shows that ability of the firm to pay its short term debt was 0.55. The current ratio industry norm is 1.9 (Dun & Bradstreet, 2 010). The results means the firm is underperforming in comparison with the industry and that the firm is at risk of having cash flow problems. The stock price of the company during April faced upwards tendencies. These types of movement are short term fluctuations. Based on the fact that the company is facing liquidity problems and the bad profitability results in terms in relation to its assets and equity I would not invest in the common stock of

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Report Analysis Research Paper

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Report Analysis - Research Paper Example It is knowledge-based and aims at leveraging its core capabilities or skills so that they may broaden the understanding of the global trends in CSR. Hershey’s strategy, which is founded on the company’s value, is open to changes and focuses on partnerships that are in alignment with their culture, helps the company in advancing their growing global businesses. Hershey’s has also partnered with several companies in the solving issues arising from climate change, resource scarcity and human rights. The company’s management has realized there is a need for them to proactively comprehend and address their neighbor’s issues when doing business with them. Hershey’s has also been making noteworthy progress in the achievement of their CSR goals while building sustainable platforms for ensuring the company’s growth. This has been achieved through the foundation of strong beliefs in the company’s values and distinct heritage. The fundamen tal principles that guide the company’s CSR strategy to success are founded on talent or resource management and responsible sourcing. In managing the company’s CSR strategy, they use talented or experienced teams, an aware or engaged workforce, revitalized business strategies and confectionery products that are world-class. Hershey’s has made an impact on seventy countries in Asia, America and South America through the use of effective marketing, sale, distribution along with manufacturing operations. Finally, the company’s CSR strategies focus on their marketplaces, the environment, workplaces and the community (The Hershey Company, 2011). B. Brief Summary of the Report, Noting Significant Achievements, Actions and Goals. The report provides information on the company’s profile and the strategies of achieving their CSR objectives. It also provides their CSR’s towards the marketplaces, environment, workplaces and the community. The report p rovides that the company’s goals include producing high-quality products or selling them at fair prices and providing work that is meaningful while offering fair wages to their employees. Its other goals include giving back to the communities in their areas of operation and being good stewards of land and the resources obtained from it. The report indicates that the company has been able to launch factories in America, Asia and Latin America to enable them to handle their markets more effectively. They have also achieved success in other operations in the nonmanufacturing sector by opening up administrative offices in other parts of the globe which include Japan, Singapore, Dubai and the Philippines. The company report stipulates that it has also managed to expand their source for raw materials to countries like Nicaragua, Cameroon, Cote d’ivoire, Indonesia and Jamaica. Its reports indicate that the company has been able to gain their customers trust and have also incr eased their research efforts in order to satisfy their customer’s needs more appropriately. In addition, it indicates that the company has been able to satisfy their employees thereby improving on their productivity while providing suitable returns to the investors. These achievements have in turn enabled Hershey’s to closely collaborate with its business partners in finding solutions to the problems that the different

SwoT Essay Example for Free

SwoT Essay Before identifying the potential strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats Sharp faces in solar panel market. We must first examine the solar panel industry as a whole. The future growth of industry and the demand for solar panels is contingent on two economic drivers. These two factors include what types of energy will be used to fuel the growth of developing nations and how and where the energy is produced. The first economic driver that could potentially increase the growth of the industry lays in the fact that securing traditional energy as a means of fueling growth is ecoming increasingly more expensive with an ever-growing demand. The growth in demand for traditional energy can be attributed to the development of countries such as China and India. The second economic driver that will dictate the growth of the industry is the fact that over the next few decades developing nations will shift away from centralized energy production to more local production. On the grounds that developing countries dont have the current infrastructure such as electrical grids and decentralized energy production is much more cost effective than building such infrastructure (Bradford, 2006). In closing, the future growth of the solar industry hinges on developing nations using renewable energy to fuel their growth and leap frog the expense of constructing infrastructure to distribute traditional forms of energy with decentralized production. After identifying the two drivers that will dictate the future growth of the solar panel industry, we can examine the projections made about the future growth of the industry. The current market is over five billion dollars annually with new markets continuing to develop. Predictions have been made that the solar cell manufacturing ndustry will be a twenty- five billion plus industry by 2010 (CSU, 2007). While the solar panel industry has experienced a steady stream of growth for the last six years with growth estimated at a rate of thirty percent annually (Businessweek, 2006). In conclusion, the solar panel industry has experienced a consistent annual rate of growth that will only continue to increase with the growing trend towards renewable energy. Now that we have examined the economic drivers that will fuel the growth of the industry and the current growth the industry has experienced we can began to xamine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats Sharp faces. The foundation of Sharps strength in the solar panel industry stems from their experience manufacturing solar powered fuel cells. Since 1963 Sharp Corporation has been mass producing solar powered fuel cells. This translates into roughly forty years of production experience. With Sharps solar panel division being the second largest producer within the industry. Another crucial strength that Sharp possesses is its effective utilization of its working capital generated from its sale of consumer lectronics. Sharp uses this working capital to fund research and development and gain a foothold in developing markets as a means of achieving their long-term goal of becoming an industry leader. Sharp is currently allocating billions of dollars to the research and development of new cutting edge technology before industry rivals beat them to the punch (Hall, 2008). In addition, to investing in new technology, Sharp is increasing their production capacity with construction of a new factory in to produce solar panels suitable for the climates in Southern Europe, Southeast Asia, Central and South America, and Africa (Williams, 2008) pcmag. Finally, Sharp has Just recently announced a partnership with Italian energy company costing 1. 05 billion dollars to build several solar power-generating plants in the next four years. With Sharp collecting royalties from Enels sales generated from the new plants. In summary, one of Sharps biggest strengths is their ability to effectively utilize their working capital and take the necessary actions to accomplish their long-term goal of being the industry leader. After evaluating the strengths Sharp brings to the ndustry, we can begin to evaluate their weaknesses within the industry. One of the greatest weaknesses of Sharp stems from the fact that they are headquartered in Japan. Which has the highest production costs in the entire world . The high production costs of manufacturing in Japan poses a serious threat by hampering their ability to offer prices competitive with those of the competition. Who manufacture their products in countries with much lower labor costs. Another weakness of Sharp is the susceptibility to changes in the value of other countries currency eroding their sales (Funding Universe, unknown). In summary, the weaknesses of Sharp Corporation consist of manufacturing in the world most expensive country and their vulnerability to changing exchange rates negatively impacting their sales. After reviewing the weaknesses of Sharp within the industry we can now examine the opportunities Sharp has within the industry. With the growing trend towards transitioning to renewable energy sources, there are multiple opportunities within the industry that Sharp can capitalize on as a means achieving growth. One of the greatest opportunities presented to Sharp Corporation within the industry is Europes oal to obtain twenty percent of its energy from renewable sources by the year 2020. Even if only a quarter of the renewable energy quota were generated through solar power, the entire industry would have to multiply their production by twenty-five (Schenker, 2008). Europes commitment to renewable energy presents Sharp with the opportunity of unlimited demand for their solar panels. On the grounds that the industry will most likely not be able to increase production capacity to meet the ambitious goals Europe has set for themselves. In summary, Europes commitment to enewable energy poses a substantial opportunity for Sharp to increase their presence within the industry. With the growing trend of modernization brought on by globalization developing nations present Sharp with yet another opportunity to achieve growth. Solar energy has proven to be one of the best solutions for providing electricity to the rural communities around the globe. With 1. 6 million people in developing countries not having access to electricity grids. Sharp has the opportunity to invent and manufacturer solar panel products, which are suitable to the needs of those living ithout, access to electricity (EPIA, 2009). So, as Sharp continues to improve production efficiency and cut costs, they are presented with the valuable opportunity of developing solar panel specifically suited to the needs of those in developing nations. The opportunity to provide solar panel products to developing nations would out the goal of taking action that help Sharp become a global company while contributing to the construction of a sustainable society (Sharp, 2009). In summary, the developing world and the 1. 6 million people without electricity present Sharp ith the opportunity of new markets while helping to strengthen their dedication to social responsibility. After examining the opportunities that are currently available to Sharp within the industry, we can begin to examine the current threats Sharp faces. Before February 2008 Sharp held the ranking of number one producer within the industry. However, they have recently been replaced by Q-cells. Founded in 1999 in Germany, Q-cells was able to surpass Sharp due to their ability to acquire the necessary amount of poly silicon during the recent shortages (Calflnder, 2008). In ummary, the German company Q-cells poses a serious threat to Sharp, with their ability to rise to the number one position ten years after going into business. Sharp also faces a serious threat from manufacturers abroad, whose governments provide larger subsidies than the Japanese government. Sharp faces a serious threat from competitors in China, where the government subsidies aimed creating a stronger market for domestic manufacturer is three times as large as the current subsidies offered by the Japanese government. In summary, Sharp faces an international threat from manufacturers within China whose government subsidies far surpass hose offered in Japan. In conclusion, what once began as small metal works shop has transformed into an international corporation. With the foundation of their success being attributed to the corporate culture created by its founder Tokuji Hayakawa. His emphasis on the importance of investing in the development of new technologies is the reason Sharp is where they are today. With Sharps abundance of working capital, and the opportunities that exist within Europe and developing nations Sharp will almost certainly be able to reclaim their spot as the number one industry leader.

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Psychosis A literature review in chronological order from past 5 years Introduction The blanket term Psychotherapy covers a multifaceted pluralistic enterprise in which a range of therapies is required to meet a patient’s various needs (Holmes J 2002). The National Service Framework cites cognitive behaviour therapy as being the psychotherapeutic method of choice for conditions that include â€Å"depression, eating disorders, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and deliberate self harm.† (Rouse et al. 2001) Literature review The first article we shall consider is a letter to the editor of the BMJ by Van Meer (R 2003). It is comparatively unusual since it is a clinician referring to clinical matters which are both intuitive and experience based. The author refers to the fact that many psychiatrists and related healthcare professionals actually avoid talking about the content of psychotic symptoms. The generally accepted rationale being that these are diagnostically of no significance and therefore therapeutically irrelevant. Van Meer contrasts this view with the basic concepts of cognitive behaviour therapy. He suggests that in his experience, the patient actually often will want to talk about issues that are central to their experience and are distressed when they are kept out of the conversation. He suggests that this is one of the reasons why cognitive behaviour therapy is popular with psychotic patients is that they have the opportunity to discuss with sympathetic professionals the significance of the ir experiences and this is capable of giving them a mechanism of dealing with what may be otherwise unexplainable to them. This publication is selected because of its counterintuitive thrust to support cognitive behaviour therapy against the â€Å"mainstream† of current clinical psychiatric practice and is written by an experienced practising clinician. This area of consideration is given a further twist with a different insight from Moorhead (S 2003). He agrees that psychiatric professionals tend to try to avoid engagement with psychotic patients on the subject of their psychosis and â€Å"thereby unwittingly add to the prejudice that blights the lives of people who live with psychosis† . He points, very succinctly, to the fact (and cites Brabban A et al. 2000) that the central tenet of cognitive behaviour therapy is that the therapist should endeavour to show a clear linkage between â€Å"personal experience, core beliefs (schemas), and emergence of psychotic symptoms†. The significance of this publication is that it is unusual insofar as it outlines the benefit of cognitive behaviour therapy for the staff as much as the benefit for the patient, by suggesting that staff trained in the techniques of cognitive behaviour therapy are able to empathise on a much deeper level with the patient and this, in itself, has a â €Å"remarkable remoralising effect of developing a meaningful understanding of the psychotic phenomenon with a patient†. This point is echoed in the discussion of the Craig paper. The Craig paper (Craig T K J et al. 2004) is a carefully constructed, but badly reported, randomised controlled trail of the current efficacy of specialised care modalities for cases of early psychosis. (Vickers, A. J et al. 2001). It is presented here as a case study in critical analysis. The interventions were delivered in two groups. The entry cohort was allocated to a standard care group (the control) or the intervention group (specialised care group). Both sets of treatment were delivered by the community mental health teams. The outcomes for both groups were rates of relapse or readmission to hospital. (Friedman GD. 1994) We present this paper to illustrate a common problem with this type of trial. On first appreciation, it demonstrates the fact that the intervention group did better than the control group. The difficulty in critical analysis comes in trying to decide which of the treatment modalities actually produced this beneficial effect. (Mohammed, D et al. 2003) The entry cohort was quite impressive for a study of this type with 319 presenting with psychotic illness over an 18 month period and 144 of these meeting the inclusion criteria. 94% of these were remained in the trial over the 18 months of follow up. We note that, although the programme of interventions did include cognitive behaviour therapy, it also included other treatment options such as low dose atypical antipsychotic regimens, cognitive behaviour therapy based on manualised protocols, and family counselling and vocational strategies based on established protocols (Jackson H et al. 1998). From the point of view of our considerations here, on the one hand the results appeared to be good insofar as the study showed that the intervention group had fewer readmissions to hospital in the study period and also they had fewer psychotic relapses (although this was of low statistical significance). On the other hand the paper tells us that all patients had medication and the ultimate choice of treatment pathway was decided by the intervention clinician, so although cognitive behaviour therapy was used, we have no absolute idea of its effectiveness from this trial. (Green J et al. 1998). All we can say with confidence is that, as part of a total package, cognitive behaviour therapy appeared to have helped to contribute to a beneficial outcome for a significant number of psychotic patients. A completely analytical and minimalist approach to this particular trial could suggest that it is indeed possible that cognitive behaviour therapy is actually ineffective per se. other than it served to keep the patient in closer contact with the clinicians. (Piantadosi S. 1997) In this respect this is an instance of a trial which is seemingly supportive but does not contribute greatly to the evidence base On first sight this particular view might be considered pedantic, but it is echoed by Yates (DH 2005) in a letter in the BMJ, where he specifically takes up this very point. He points to the fact that there is very little description of the regimes of cognitive behaviour therapy and the degree that it’s impact can be isolated from the overall effect. He also refers to the fact that a breakdown of the various therapies offered and the degree that each was helpful would have improved the paper tremendously. We have to agree. We will next consider a high profile paper by Morrison (A P et al. 2004) which has been widely cited. This paper took the pioneering work of Yung (et al. 1996) who identified a high risk group of patients who would develop psychosis and studied the effect of cognitive behaviour therapy on the prevention of the development of the clinical state. Morrison et al. identified the fact that other studies (McGorry, P. D et al. 2002) had demonstrated that it was possible to reduce the incidence of psychosis development with a multifaceted approach, like that of Craig, which included elements of cognitive behaviour therapy. Morrison however, elected to carry out a study that used cognitive behaviour therapy as a single strand approach in this high risk population. (Leaverton P E. 1995) The results from this study convincingly demonstrated that cognitive behaviour therapy alone â€Å"significantly reduced the likelihood of making progression to psychosis as defined on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale over 12 months.† (Kay, S. R et al. 1987) The authors were also able to demonstrate that cognitive behaviour therapy also reduced the likelihood of a patient being prescribes antipsychotic medication. Other criteria of analysis demonstrated that cognitive behaviour therapy â€Å"significantly improved the positive symptoms of psychosis â€Å" in the target population. This is an important study as it is one of the first to provide a reasonably secure evidence base that cognitive behaviour therapy works in the psychotic patient. It also shows that it works in the high risk group and has the possibility of a prophylactic effect by minimising the likelihood of psychotic relapse. A critical analysis would observe that the intervention cohort was comparatively small and a disproportionately small number were entered in the control group (37 and 23 respectively). High risk psychotic patients are comparatively rare and therefore one has to appreciate the practical difficulties involved in accumulating a sufficiently large sample to study. (Grimes D A et al. 2002), The last publication that we shall consider is that by Trower (P et al. 2004). It was published at the same time as the Morrison paper and is notable for the fact that, like the Morrison paper it recognises the shortfalls of the previous multi-modality studies and isolates cognitive behaviour therapy in its analysis. It also specifically targets a notoriously treatment-resistant group of psychotics, those who suffer from command hallucinations. (Haddock, G et al. 1999) This was a single blind randomised trial with 38 patients. The trial was complex in structure but, in essence, it was able to show, with convincing statistical significance that cognitive behaviour therapy interventions alone was able to reduce the patient’s compliance rate with the psychotic commands. The authors noted that this reduction in compliance was associated with a reduction in levels of both anxiety and depression. In conclusion we would like to commend the book by Eisenman (R 2004) â€Å"The Case Study Guide to Cognitive Behaviour Therapy of Psychosis† as a particularly authoritative and clinically useful overview. It cites a number of clinical case studies and analyses them in depth. It supports the view that cognitive behaviour therapy, by attempting to confront the patient’s distorted thinking and allowing them to appreciate their thoughts in a more rational and realistic way, can have beneficial results and it places cognitive behaviour therapy in a clinical context amongst the other, generally accepted modes of psychotherapy. It is not a peer reviewed publication so we shall not consider it further than that. References Brabban A, Turkington D. 2000  The search for meaning: detecting congruence between life-events, underlying schema and psychotic symptoms. Formulation-driven and schema focussed CBT for a neuroleptic-resistant schizophrenic patient with a delusional memory. In: Morrison T, ed.  A casebook of cognitive therapy for psychosis.  Brighton : Psychology Press, 2000. Craig T K L, Philippa Garety, Paddy Power, Nikola Rahaman, Susannah Colbert, Miriam Fornells-Ambrojo, and Graham Dunn 2004 The Lambeth Early Onset (LEO) Team : randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of specialised care for early psychosis BMJ, Nov 2004 ; 329 : 1067 ; Eisenman R 2004 The Case Study Guide to Cognitive Behaviour Therapy of Psychosis Am J Psychiatry, Jul 2004 ; 161 : 1318. Friedman G D. 1994  Primer of Epidemiology. 4th ed.  New York : Mc-Graw-Hill, 1994. Green J, Britten N. 1998  Qualitative research and evidence based medicine.  BMJ 1998 ; 316 : 1230-1233 Grimes D A, Schulz K F.2002  Cohort studies: marching towards outcomes.  Lancet 2002 ; 359 : 341-5 Haddock, G., McCarron, J., Tarrier, N., et al (1999)  Scales to measure dimensions of hallucinations and delusions: the psychotic symptom rating scales (PSYRATS).  Psychological Medicine, 39, 879 –889. Holmes J 2002  All you need is cognitive behaviour therapy?  BMJ, Feb 2002 ; 324 : 288 294 ; Jackson H, McGorry P, Edwards J, Hulbert C, Henry L, Francey S, et al. 1998 Cognitively orientated psychotherapy for early psychosis (COPE).  Br J Psychiatry 1998 ; 172 (Suppl 33) : 93-100.  Kay, S. R. Opler, L. A. (1987) The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 13, 507 -518. Leaverton PE. 1995  A Review of Biostatistics. 5th ed.  Boston: Little, Brown, 1995 McGorry, P. D., Yung, A. R., Phillips, L. J., et al (2002)  Randomized controlled trial of interventions designed to reduce the risk of progression to first-episode psychosis first-episode in a clinical sample with subthreshold symptoms.  Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 921 -928. Mohammed, D Braunholtz, and T P Hofer 2003 The measurement of active errors: methodological issues Qual. Saf. Health Care, Dec 2003 ; 12: 8 12. Moorhead S 2003  Cognitive behaviour therapy can help end alienation of psychosis  BMJ 2003 ; 326 : 549 Morrison A P , Paul French, Lara Walford, Shà ´n W. Lewis, Aoiffe Kilcommons, Joanne Green, Sophie Parker, and Richard P. Bentall 2004 Cognitive therapy for the prevention of psychosis in people at ultra-high risk: Randomised controlled trial Br. J. Psychiatry, Oct 2004 ; 185 : 291 297. Piantadosi S. 1997  Clinical Trials: A Methodologic Perspective.  New York: John Wiley, 1997.   Rouse, Jolley, and Read 2001 National service frameworks BMJ, Dec 2001 ; 323 : 1429. Rower P, MAX BIRCHWOOD, ALAN MEADEN, SARAH BYRNE, ANGELA NELSON, and KERRY ROSS 2004 Cognitive therapy for command hallucinations: randomised controlled trial Br. J. Psychiatry, Apr 2004; 184: 312 320. van Meer R 2003  To listen or not to listen  BMJ 2003 ; 326 : 549 Vickers, A. J. Altman, D. G. (2001)  Analysing controlled trials with baseline and follow up measurements.  BMJ, 323, 1123–1124 Yates D H 2005 Specialised care for early psychosis: More detail is needed BMJ, Jan 2005 ; 330 : 197 Yung, A., McGorry, P. D., McFarlane, C. A., et al (1996)  Monitoring and care of young people at incipient risk of psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 22, 283 -303. 5.5.06 PDG Word count 2,313

Breaking Up (Online or Not) :: essays research papers

How to Break-Up (Online or Otherwise) In the last year, I have watched the fallout from a number of relationships and break-ups take over the bulletin boards. These problems have caused hurt feelings, have ended friendships, and have come to involve dozens of people (through bulletin boards, email, and other electronica) who have no personal stake in the outcome. The emotional devastation these poorly handled situations bring is totally unnecessary, and prompted the following. The following is not scientific fact: it is based on my own observations, the experiences of my friends (male and female; straight, gay, and bi) and family, and a lot of tired, commercial popular psychology. That doesn't, however, mean that it's bad advice. [sanctimony] 1. Do it in person. If this is an online relationship, it may not be possible. That doesn't give you an excuse to send a Dear John/Jane e-mail. Get as close to in-person as you can, given the limitations of space and time. Call on the phone if you must, go over if you can. But NEVER break up with an answering machine, an e-mail account, or a public forum. You and your ex both deserve better: if this relationship ever meant anything to you, it needs closure. If it didn't, you have no right to take that out on them by treating them callously; it's not your ex's fault that you don't love them anymore. You are not "off the hook," you still have to treat them like a real person, with actual feelings. 2. Be honest, and do it before you're so upset that you can't be reasonable. If you're having problems, that doesn't necessarily mean that your partner knows about them or understands what they can do to help. Take the time to let them know what's bothering you. If your partner really cares about you, chances are some compromise can be reached, or they will at least try to address the behaviors that make you crazy. If it's unsalvagable, at least show them enough respect to end things finally, and with dignity. Don't say you want to be "friends" if what you really mean is "drop dead, you jerk." There's a big difference between letting someone down easy and leaving them hanging, emotionally manipulating them to serve your own ego needs. Be clear, concise, and as reasonable and respectful as possible. This isn't easy for anyone, and your ex deserves, at minimum, as much truth as you can give without being brutal and/or hurtful.

Ultrasound ? Quick Project :: essays research papers

Ultrasound – Quick Project Ultrasounds are sound waves with frequency beyond the human limits, therefore humans are unable to hear them. It even travels at exactly the same speed as sound in any medium. Humans can hear sound within the frequency range of about 20 to 20,000 Hz, so any sound above 20 kHz is ultrasound. Ultrasound or ultrasonography is a medical imaging technique that uses high frequency sound waves and their echoes. The technique is similar to the echolocation used by bats, whales and dolphins, as well as SONAR used by submarines. Ultrasound has very high frequency vibrations and can be used to clean things. Really dirty teeth can be cleaned superbly in this way. Really delicate mechanisms, such as in antique clocks and watches, can also be safely cleaned. Ultrasound for scanning is the most popular medical use. This is safer than using X-rays. Unborn babies can be seen by moving an ultrasonic transmitter across the mother’s stomach. The sound waves will be projected from the transmitter and the waves are able to travel from one part of the human being to the other. As it hits a tissue or an organ, some waves reflects and gives of echos which can build up a picture on the TV screen. The shorter the wavelength is, the finer the detail of the picture is. Its use in scanning goes far beyond pregnancies. Many other parts of the body are analysed using it (bladder gallstones, the heart, etc.). Ultrasound can even check airplane wings for cracks that would be invisible on the surface. Ships use SONAR to determine the depth of water they are in. Ultrasound is used here because they have a higher frequency and this allows it to penetrate further. However, the disadvantage is that it might scare the fishes away as it would be too noisy for them.

Childrens Friendships And Learning In School Education Essay

I have chosen a research article which is Children ‘s Friendships and Learning in School: Cognitive Enhancement through Social Interaction? This article was written by Peter Kutnick from Education Research Centre, University of Brighton and Alison Kington from School of Education, University of Nottingham. The chief subject of this research article is cognitive development. Both of the authors did the research because they wanted to look into about kids ‘s societal dealingss, whether it can develop their mental and believing procedure or non. Besides, they besides wanted to place the effectivity of the cognitive undertakings on kids ‘s cognitive degree. Harmonizing to Kutnick and Kington, the of import thought of this research is to reexamine the issues of classroom-based friendship couplings ; the pupils will better their public presentation increasingly on a cognitive undertaking than familiarity coupling. For this issue, it besides considers some factors or grounds such as gender, age and kids ‘s degree of ability. Besides, it is besides to place the effectivity of the classroom-based friendship couplings among the pupils. In add-on, it is besides to look into the characteristics of school-based friendly relationship expressed by immature kids. The survey was undertaken in the summer term of the school twelvemonth. For the Science Reasoning Tasks ( SRTs ) , there were 72 kids from a primary school in west London carried out the undertakings. The school was obtaining from a assorted working and middle-class community, and catagorised as co-ed school. Besides, the participants were selected sociometrically, chiefly with regard to friendly relationship and twelvemonth in school which is Year 1, 3 and 5. In this undertaking, the kids were given opportunities to hold their ain couplings based on their age category in school every bit good as based on their experience in join forcesing. Couplings are represented friendly relationship ( versus familiarity ) , sex which are male and female couplings and their age ; kids in Years 1, 3 and 5 in the primary school. It besides represented their ability which each brace stand foring a high, in-between and low- confirmed by the instructor appraisal and based on national course of study E nglish and Mathematics criterions. In this article, the positive effects of friendly relationship on cognitive development are presented by two theoretical attacks. First is from Piagetian position. Doise & A ; Mugny ( 1971 ) and Perret-Clermont ( 1984 ) , stated that â€Å" the mutualness of equals working together on a common job allows them to decide differences between their positions, which enhances the cognitive apprehension of each kid ( whether through cognitive struggle, taging or other societal procedures ) . † In add-on, Piaget, 1932 asserted that â€Å" mutualness is assumed to take topographic point in concerted relationships. † In short, based on above, we can reason that different pupils have different thoughts and sentiments, so when this happened, they will discourse it together among themselves. For illustration, they may inquire inquiries like â€Å" why you province the thought? † and â€Å" how this thought is related to the undertaking? † Therefore, this struggle will assist them to better their cognitive degree. The 2nd theory is from Vygotsky. Harmonizing to Kutnick ( 2005 ) , Vygotsky accepted that â€Å" interpersonal relationships are necessary for the development of new cognition and accomplishments, and that it is choice relationships ( that integrate positions with trust and support ) that provide the ‘scaffold ‘ for cognitive sweetening † . Briefly, quality relationship is the chief support for cognitive sweetening. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used by Kutnick and Kington in this research. For quantitative method, it involved quasi-experimental design. The intents of the design are to measure mated public presentation on SRTs every bit good as to compare their public presentation based on friendly relationship and familiarity, gender and ability. Besides that, cognitive undertaking was involved in this research. To promote pupils ‘ engagement, the undertaking has to be hard to analyze, understand or work out. It besides must let the spouses to take a assortment of point of position and show the undertakings as a job. Furthermore, the undertakings must upon scientific discipline undertakings because as said by Howe & A ; Tolmic ( 2003 ) , â€Å" they involve concluding in a figure of cognitive countries ( e.g. substance, measure, proportionality ) † . NFER ( 1979 ) besides stated that â€Å" Age appropriate undertakings were selected and piloted from the Bankss of SRTs for the three Old ages degrees † . Actual undertakings used in this survey included SRT1 ( anticipation of H2O degree in a atilt jar ; perspective-based drawing and anticipation of way of a plumb line in a container when tilted ) ; and SRT2 ( volume and weightiness, preservation of affair, and drifting and droping ) . For qualitative method, it involved interview which had done after pupils completed the undertakings separately. The interview was focused on activities the pupils involved with friends and illustrations of the activities that they shared inside and outside school. During the interview, there were some inquiries that had been asked to them. The inquiries included the qualities of best friends, schoolroom and school activities undertaken with friends and activities undertaken with friends outside the school. The findings or the consequences of the survey see the paired and single degrees. So, for the mated consequence, it was found that the highest SRTs degree was performed by miss ‘s friendship couplings. Boys friendly relationship coupling performed at the lowest degree, while mid-SRTs degrees are shown by both male childs and girl familiarity couplings. These findings were consistent across Year degrees and ability degrees. For the interviews, it revealed that male and female friendly relationship braces were likely to take part in different types of activity, with misss being school-inclusive and boys being school-exclusive. However, there was some statement on recent literature sing to kids ‘s public presentation on cognitive undertakings. Harmonizing to Galton et Al ( 2003 ) , public presentation in this activity will necessitate choice relationships between students. This besides taking some researches to reason that friendly relationship grouping ( partner offing kids ) should be used more often within schoolrooms. In contrast, reappraisals of the friendly relationship literature besides identify that friendly relationship is non a unitary construct ; that there are developmental and relational fluctuations of friendly relationship, and that the look of friendship activities may be modified through culture- particularly gendered activity within civilizations. Wells define cognitive development as â€Å" the building of idea procedures, including memory, job resolution, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to maturity. † Based on the research article, cognitive development of the pupils can be improved by societal interaction. The findings are applicable and utile for the instructors to use in the instruction and lesson in the schoolroom so that it will hike the pupils ‘ involvement in larning. For friendship-based couplings and groupings, it gives many benefits to the pupils when making undertakings. Basically, pupils are more prefer to hold brace work with friends that they are closed to. This is because they already know each other better and do non experience embarrass or shame to portion their ideas and thoughts when interact with them. They besides will take part more actively during the interaction and bask making the undertakings together. Teachers can evidently detect that they will hold better merchandises compared to the familiarity couplings. However, instructors should non allow pupils to merely make the undertakings based on friendly relationship and with the same individual all the clip. Teachers may exchange the couplings for every undertaking. The intent of making this is really to allow the pupils get to cognize other pupils in the schoolroom better, besides to further their relationships. So, when instructors do this often, they increasingly will acquire used to each other and will be able to work with another individual, even though they are non intimate. Besides that, when carry oning brace work, instructors should see pupils ‘ ability degree ; low, in-between and high. Teachers should non put pupils with the same ability together when making brace work undertaking. For illustration, do non allow low ability pupils working together because they are slow scholars. Teachers may detect that they will experience demotivated, will be left behind and the merchandise of the work is less quality when compared to the high ability couplings. Next, instructors may gain that the low ability couplings have lower public presentation when making undertaking. Conversely, if instructors put the pupils with different abilities together in a group, the high ability pupils will move as coachs which help the low ability pupils to understand the undertakings given. So, when they explain and discuss the undertakings together, the low ability pupils will experience comfy to inquire any inquiries together. Therefore, instructors should place pupils â⠂¬Ëœ ability, so that they can carry on effectual instruction and acquisition in order to heighten pupils ‘ cognitive development. Teachers excessively should promote their pupils to unite and mix with different sex during the couplings and groupings. It is good to unite male childs and misss for a undertaking, since male childs and misss have different degree of thought. Basically, misss are more industrious and more serious in their surveies compared to male childs who are more playful and do non truly concentrate in their surveies. When teacher blend them, male childs will be influenced by the misss ‘ properties and because of that, they are able to concentrate on their surveies alternatively of playing games or making unwanted things during the lessons. Furthermore, when they work together, they will derive each others ‘ cognition as male childs are excel in Mathematicss and Science topics compared to misss who are better in reading and composing competence particularly in linguistic communication topics. Hence, this will better pupils ‘ cognitive development. Besides concerted acquisition is other manner of learning attacks which helps to heighten pupils ‘ cognitive development. It can be defined as attacks to larning ( and learning ) which emphasise interaction between pupils and which foster concerted values ( John, 1995 ) . There are some illustrations of collaborating larning activities like saber saw, equal tutoring, brainstorming, function drama and job work outing which requires the pupils to construct up cooperation through group functions. Woolfolk ( cited in Webb & A ; Palinesar ( 1996 ) ) stated that concerted acquisition is â€Å" state of affairss where amplification, reading, account and debate are built-in to the activity of the group and where acquisition is supported by other persons. † When instructors apply this, it will advance concerted values and aid pupils to better their cognitive development. This besides helps the pupils to develop their positive attitudes and better their accomplishment in academic field. After completing the activities, there must be a follow up activity which reflects on what pupils have learnt. Besides, instructors might put them undertakings to be done in category or as prep. Capuzzi ( 2006 ) , asserted that â€Å" This may assist group members integrate acquisition and develop positions for the hereafter † when finishing prep given by instructors after the group ends. As instructors, to guarantee that both pair work and group work activities are effectual to the pupils in the acquisition, instructors must play their function as facilitator. Teachers merely give expressed instructions to them before get downing their couplings or groupings. Teachers must non spoon-feed them excessively, but allow them responsible for their ain acquisition, so that they will go independent scholar and pattern student-centered acquisition manner. Capuzzi ( cited in Kelman ( 1963 ) ) proposed that group work assisting members to get the better of feelings of isolation, develop hope for increased accommodation, learn to accept duty, develop new relationship accomplishments and heighten committedness to alter. In add-on, during the undertakings or activities, instructors have to supply inquiries or undertakings that can develop pupils to react right every bit good as which can ease pupils ‘ cognitive development. The inquiries besides must hold different degree of trouble which can dispute their thought. When pupils are instructed to happen the replies, they will discourse the inquiries and interact by reasoning their ain thoughts to happen the right replies. So, when pupils are actively take parting in the undertakings, they will portion the pre-requisite cognition among them and at the same clip construct up their cognition. There will be collaborative acquisition and concerted interactions between the pupils excessively. As a decision, cognitive development engages the pupils in the procedure of deriving information. It besides requires pupils to collaborate and interact each others to happen solutions to jobs. These cooperation and interaction will do the pupils to bask larning and they will look frontward to larning the topic. Besides, they will increasingly better in their academic public presentation and they will go originative and critical pupils. For instructors, their instructions will be effectual and this will make enthusiasm for learning the pupils. In add-on, it will hike instructors ‘ self-pride because effectual instruction takes topographic point in the schoolroom.

Grammar in Context

Elbaum, Sandra. 2001. Grammar in Context 3rd ed. Boston: Heinle & Heinle Publishers. Grammar in Context by Sandra N. Elbaum is an interesting approach to teaching grammar. Elbaum encases grammar in a much more useful mantle by using real life examples of U. S. culture and history. Grammar is an important part of language, but it is technical, abstract, and boring. In order for a text to engage a student it must be interesting and relevant to their lives. I think Grammar in Context could be effective because it does this by integrating grammar into the real world. I thought the foreword by the author was very touching. She starts off by giving an example from her own life showing how important it is to include real life contexts into language learning. She tells of being a child and having not only having to explain the language to her Polish born parents but also the culture. This is a fitting start to a language text because; what is a language without culture. They are intrinsically linked. The text starts off with a review. I think this is important because ESL students are not always at the same place in every category of language learning. Placement tests do their best to place students in an appropriate level, but learning a language is not like other subjects. For example, if you miss the lesson on the Korean War in history class you would still be able to understand a lesson on the Vietnam War. Language is much more integrated. If you don’t have a strong foundation it is very difficult to progress. Having a review section in the beginning allows teachers to quickly find weaknesses in any fundamental areas, and address these problems in the beginning of the course. I liked that lesson one began with creating a resume and cover letter. A resume is a very technical but also very necessary composition for many ESL students. So often the people who emigrate to the U. S. are well educated professionals who are prevented from rising to their full potential because of a language barrier. The key to getting a good job is usually a good resume and by learning this skill early on ESL students who want a successful job will have one less obstacle. The basic setup of each chapter is user friendly. I like how the chapters begin with a text and the grammar focus of each chapter is highlighted in each text. This gives students a chance to learn deductively, and see grammar in use in real life situations. After the opening text the grammar rules are given and exercises are provided for practice. At the end of each chapter the lessons are summarized to give a final quick look at the content of the chapter. The next section â€Å"Editing Advice† seems very helpful to me. In this section examples are given of the grammar used incorrectly then corrected. I think correction is an important tool in learning. Knowing what you can’t do, or what is incorrect in a language is often as important as knowing what you can do. The last part of the chapter has an important section called â€Å"Outside Activities† this section provides activities that prompt students to look for examples of their grammar lessons in authentic texts outside of the classroom. â€Å"Outside Activities† is a vital section because one failing of all text books is the fact that they cannot stay current. Things are always changing so fast in life that it is impossible to include authentic texts that are up to date after the publishing process, the distribution process, and finally introduction into the classroom. By encouraging students to look outside the classroom the most recent and relevant examples of grammar in use are able to be incorporated into the educational process. The section on â€Å"Internet Activities† is similar but encourages students to use the computer to find grammar in context. This skill could be very useful for less tech savvy ESL students. Providing grammar in context is an important aspect of teaching because it takes a dull but necessary subject and makes it more relevant. ESL students are often very busy, and by combing lessons on grammar and U. S. culture kills to birds with one stone. It would be possible to teach grammar using irrelevant topics, but why would anyone want to do that when it’s so easy to incorporate real life contexts into everyday lessons. Word Count: 723

Constructions of childhood and western ideologies of street children Literature review

Constructions of childhood and western ideologies of street children - Literature review Example Being a child on and of the streets may be different in one aspect, but long term results of the situation is equally harmful as it touches issues on child labor and children’s health. Childhood for Street Children Before identifying the possible consequences of being one of the street children, it is important to internalize the meaning of childhood as a phase and the expected characteristics of ‘normal’ children. According to Glasper and Richardson (2006, p. 298), childhood refers to the earlier phase of a person’s life under 18 years or before reaching young adulthood. Aside from underdeveloped physical qualities which are subject to change as they grow older, children are expected to love play as a usual activity. According to Ginsburg (2007, p. 183), play is important in childhood development because it allows children â€Å"to use their creativity while developing their imagination, dexterity, and physical, cognitive, and emotional strength.† I n other words, play would develop a child’s cognitive skills and tolerance towards unexpected events such as losing in a game and being sport about it. In the United Kingdom, The Children’s Act of 1989 serves as guidelines in which the rights of the child are protected and sustained through the regulations promoted by the Parliament. The legislation encompassed the responsibilities of both the authorities and the parents or guardians. It is ensured that the act â€Å"protect[s] children from the harm which arises from family breakdown or abuse within the family,† however still respecting family lives and avoids â€Å"unnecessary intervention† (The Children's Act 1989. (c.1)). How ever the law protects the children, it is still indefinite if it can really protect their absolute population. Deprivation of basic needs would force underprivileged children to see the public street as a new place in which they can sustain themselves. The history of the lives of the street children can be traced from the nineteenth century onwards, since the growth of the industrial market. Especially in Britain's northern and midland counties, â€Å"child cruelty† was at its peak which gave inspiration to the formation of legislations protecting children’s rights (Shore, 2009, p. 563). The difficulty of their parents to provide them with proper nourishment encouraged these children to be on the streets to start looking for meager amount of money. Lemba (2002, p. 1) of the United Nation Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) reported that most street children are found in the â€Å"market, bars, shopping centers, bus stations, and parks.† Most of these children have minimal or no contact at all with their family. Such descriptions would lead to the definition of street children as: â€Å"children less than 18 years old, males or females, who spend all or most of their time on the streets who maintain minimal contact with their fami lies resulting to lack of supervision, protection or guidance which makes them vulnerable to hazards.† (Ali, n.d., p. 7) Wernham (2004) cited two categories of street children of which she called as children on the street and children of the street. The slight difference of the two phrases is significant in developing further the definition of

Mall of America Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Mall of America - Research Paper Example United States is also known worldwide for its state of the art shopping centers. By the end of 1992, America was almost running 39000 shopping Malls across the country. Mall of America is a shopping Mall with all the dynamic qualities of a Mall. It is located in the twin cities of Bloomington and Minnesota in United States (Mall of America (b) 2011). The Mall is the third largest in North America and second largest in America due to its retail space. Mall of America accommodates more than 13000 cars on seven different stories of the building for parking purposes (Mall of America (b) 2011). The Mall is spread over an area of 95 acres (Mall of America (b) 2011). Expansion of the great Mall is under process. Expansion will help to exceed the size of the Mall of America by almost doubling it. The expansion work is expected to consume about 2.1 billion (Mall of America (b) 2011). Extension of the project will attract more tourists. Phase II will be able to generate huge amount for the fie lds of education and health. Mall of America is also exposed to certain vulnerabilities. Terrorism is the threat which requires thorough training and understanding of the terror activities. Certain remedial measures are also necessary to strengthen the existing surveillance and security system. The Mall of America is a combination of a classical construction with provision of vast variety of facilities under one roof. Mainly the worth mentioning facilities include, an indoor theme park, underwater sea creature aquarium, magic shop, flight simulators, Lego store, theater, mountain golf adventure and American girl store. All these features of the Mall of America shall be focused upon in details in paragraphs to follow. The paper shall follow the under mentioned sequence:- History of the Mall of America. Services offered by the Mall and tourist interests. Expansion and future prospects. Vulnerabilities to different threats and their Remedial Measures Conclusion. History of the Mall of America Ghermezian brothers of Canada first gave the concept of â€Å"Mall of America†. â€Å"West Edmonton† shopping Mall of North America was also the brilliant idea of same brothers (Farrell 2007). The Mall of America is situated at the old site of metropolitan stadium in Bloomington, Minnesota (Crawford 1992). The leveling of the ground for construction started in 1989. The Mall saw its completion in 1992 and during same year it was opened for the public (Mall of America (c) 2011). The Mall of America carries the characteristics of all the modern Malls due to its huge size, central management and versatile architecture. The visitor of Mall can carry equal impression of western market as well as American urban expressions (Crawford 1992). The Mall represents the history of galleria. The concept of Cleveland galleria got fame in nineteenth century in America (Jackson 1996). The Mall also pays respect to the old site of metropolitan city by placing home plate on the g round floor (Mall of America (c) 2011). One seat has been placed in the Mall, which attracts the visitor’s attention due to its historical importance (Farrell 2007). The seat has exactly been placed at its original place that it occupied in the stadium prior to construction of the Mall of America. Seat is placed to pay homage to Harmon Killebrew for hitting a home run in 1967 (Crawford 1992). Mall was given few nicknames prior to its inauguration in 1992 (Spellmeyer 1993). Fewer of